The rediscovery of Machu Picchu by Hiram Bingham
On July 24, 1911, the world was reintroduced to one of the most extraordinary archaeological sites: Machu Picchu. American explorer Hiram Bingham, guided by local farmers, uncovered this ancient Incan city high in the Andes Mountains of Peru.
Machu Picchu, nestled at 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above sea level, was built in the 15th century during the reign of the Inca emperor Pachacuti. Over time, it fell into obscurity, hidden by thick jungle and known only to local villagers. The site was largely forgotten by the wider world until Bingham’s rediscovery.
Hiram Bingham was leading the Yale Peruvian Expedition, which was sponsored by Yale University and the National Geographic Society. His goal was to find the “Lost City of the Incas,” known as Vilcabamba. Although Machu Picchu wasn’t the city he was looking for, it turned out to be an even more spectacular find. Local farmer Melchor Arteaga guided Bingham and his team up the mountain to the ruins, revealing the breathtaking stone structures and terraces.
Bingham’s first view of Machu Picchu left him in awe. He described it as “walls of ruined houses built of the finest quality of Inca stonework.” This discovery brought significant attention to the Inca civilization’s architectural and engineering prowess. National Geographic featured Bingham’s findings in their April 1913 issue, captivating readers worldwide and sparking interest in this hidden treasure.
Today, Machu Picchu is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most visited tourist destinations globally. It stands as a testament to the Inca Empire’s cultural and historical richness. Hiram Bingham’s rediscovery has had a lasting impact on archaeology, history, and tourism in Peru, ensuring that Machu Picchu remains a symbol of wonder and intrigue for generations to come.
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The rediscovery of Machu Picchu on July 24, 1911, reminds us of the incredible stories hidden in our world, waiting to be uncovered and appreciated anew.